Carl Rogers as a clinical psychologist observed human being as a subject rather than as an object. He had utmost respect for the dignity of mankind. His view is that human behavior is “extremely rational” and that the “core nature of man is positive”. Man, according to him is “exquisitely rational” Let us observe Rogers’s view about “self” and his view about human condition and the rationale for improving his condition.
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Rogers’s contribution is very important in the context of understanding self and also his observation about free will and self. Rogers’s focus on actualizing tendencies Rogers’s view is that human organism has definitely an “actualizing tendency” that is underlying in nature. The purpose of this is to develop all capacities in ways that enhance and maintain and actually move towards autonomy. This tendency is actually present in all human beings and is directional as well as constructive. This actualizing tendency cannot be without the organism being destroyed. It can be only suppressed.
This tendency encompasses all tensions and motives, drive reductions as well as needs. It also includes creativity as well as tendencies that are related to pleasure-seeking. Every individual aspires to attain the maximum potential of his or her talents. Tendencies of self-actualizing Individuals try to that element of experience that symbolizes self. Related to individual of self-actualization and self-concept development are other secondary needs such as the need to develop positive attitude towards others and a need for self-regard that too is positive.
These tendencies favor one’s behavior that is consistent with the person’s self-concept. Self Rogers’s theory of self brings into limelight how self is developed. The self is developed through interactions with others and consists of the awareness of one’s being as well as functioning. Roger’s view on personality growth Rogers holds the view that personality can be changed and it is part of personal growth. In psychotherapy one can change one’s self-concept and bring about necessary changes in personality.
A person who is “maladjusted” happens to be just the opposite of full and well functioning individual. Also those who are “self-accepting” accept others also. Carl Rogers was keen on improving the condition of human kind through application of his own ideas. His contribution will help in others developing humane as well as ethical approach towards others. It would also help in treating psychological as a science of humans rather than as a being a natural science. This approach which happens to person-centered has its influence on education, family life, conflict resolution, community health as well as politics.
LA TEORIA HUMANISTA DE CARL ROGERSI ANTECEDENTES HISTORICOS:Los primeros humanistasEl humanismo surgi como una imagen del mundo al trmino de la Edad Media durante los aos 70s. Los pensadores humanistas fueron entonces intrpretes de nuevas aspiraciones humanas impulsados por la decadencia de la filosofa escolstica. El humanismo vino a sustituir esa visin del mundo con la reflexin filosfica abundante en productos racionales, en la que primaba la idea del hombre como ser humano, verdadero e integral.As, a partir del Renacimiento se instaura un nuevo pensamiento pedaggico: ideas y doctrinas de elevado sentido humanista definen desde este momento el carcter y el valor de la educacin, que adquiere de ese modo las cualidades de liberalismo, realismo e integridad. En ese caso, el liberalismo reconoce el valor de la persona del educando como la parte ms significativa en su formacin tanto como la autenticidad del hombre. Dicho reconocimiento se vuelve patente, entre otras formas, con la supresin de los castigos corporales.
A su vez, el realismo reconoce la naturaleza del educando como punto de partida para su educacin, adems de tomar en cuenta el ambiente donde ste se desenvuelve. Por ltimo, la integridad se refiere a la amplitud de la educacin y a la consideracin del educando no solamente como un ser que debe adquirir brillo para su persona o para cultivar aquello en lo que tenga capacidad, sino que tambin lo contempla como un ser con alma, como un conjunto de potencialidades, las cuales es preciso hacer que se desarrollen.II BIOGRAFIA DE CARL ROGERSCarl Ransom Rogers naci el 8 de Eneroo de 1902 en Oak, Park, Illinois donde fue el cuarto de seis hermanos de una familia protestante.